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1. Oral history interview with Arthur Chaskalson 1999
Chaskalson, Arthur
- Name: Chaskalson, Arthur (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1999
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 2
- Abstract: (born 1931) Establishment of Legal Resources Centre [LRC] 1978: position as director 1978-1993, initial funding by Carnegie Corporation of New York [Carnegie], Ford Foundation, and Rockefeller Brothers Fund; LRC' s close relationship with Centre for A pplied Legal Studies: separate entity from LRC, research focused; shaping of LRC goals: free legal services for poor blacks, resistance through the law, identifying important issues and impact work, generating a culture of self-assertion; LRC efforts to avoid governmental ban: keeping a low profile, asking leading members of the profession to serve as trustees of the Legal Resources Trust; LRC's growth in staff, offices, and impact; LRC's litigation work: pass laws, the Komani case--challenge to validity of location regulation, residence rights and employment contracts, development of fair labor practices, the Group Areas Act; work during state of emergency in mid-1980s, rise in anti-apartheid movement and external pressure from international community; LRC's current role: the legacy of apartheid, making use of the constitution and legislation; 1994 appointment as first President of South Africa's Constitutional Court.
2. Oral history interview with Fikile C. Bam, 1999
Bam, Fikile C., 1937-
- Name: Bam, Fikile C., 1937- (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1999
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 2
- Abstract: Born 1937, Transkei, South Africa; childhood: Pondoland and Johannesburg, mission schooling, awareness of race issues, influence of politically conscious teachers; education: University of Cape Town, B.A., University of South Africa, BProc, LLB; care er; black lawyer promoting liberation struggle; political beliefs: African National Congress [ANC], interests in armed struggle, socialism, Unity Movement of South Africa; 1963 arrest and conviction of sabotage, ten year imprisonment on Robben Island; prison release, 1974: fear of assassination, completing law degrees; apartheid versus discrimination: control mechanisms to maintain status quo and prevent solidarity, coercive laws, Group Areas Act; Carnegie Corporation of New York [Carnegie]: participation in the Second Carnegie Inquiry into Poverty and Development in Southern Africa: links between land, law and poverty, promoting justice, research conducted by South Africans, efforts protected and depoliticized by Carnegie name, Carnegie grant to establish Centre for Applied Legal Studies [CALS]; establishment of Legal Resource Centre [LRC]: Carnegie grant, LRC advice centers, translation assistance, fellowships to train lawyers, media cooperation and support, coordination of efforts with CALS, reorganization and responsibilities after new constitution in 1994, success of former LRC colleagues; appointment as Judge-President of Land Claims Court, 1995: efforts for more effective land restoration process
3. Oral history interview with Geoffrey Budlender, 1999
Budlender, Geoffrey, 1949-
- Name: Budlender, Geoffrey, 1949- (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1999
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 2
- Abstract: Establishment of Legal Resource Centre [LRC]: support from the Carnegie Corporation of New York and the Ford Foundation; shaping of LRC's purpose: to protect people, create change through the law, provide legal aid for blacks; tension between strateg ic policy work and daily service work; oppressive rule and apartheid in South Africa: growing resistance in mid-1980s and increasingly lawless government retaliation; LRC's legal opposition of the government, play on government's fear of creating a negative image, test court cases, difficulty with bureaucracy and enforcing favorable judgments, dependence on judge's view; test case examples: pass laws, Group Areas Act; work with Centre for Applied Legal Studies; litigation regarding forced removals in Dreifontein community, denationalization, exclusion of women from the election of the KwaNdebele Legislative Assembly; protection of blacks against harassment and threats; impact of LRC: legal work enabling community unification and resistance, making a difference in daily lives, education and training for individuals in future judiciary, governmental, and other positions, promotion of law as an instrument for justice; position in new South African government, Director General of the Department of Land Affairs
4. Oral history interview with John Dugard, 1999
Dugard, John, 1936-
- Name: Dugard, John, 1936- (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1999
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 2
- Abstract: Childhood background as origin of anti-apartheid stance; establishment of the Centre for Applied Legal Studies [CALS] in 1978: funding from the Carnegie Corporation of New York and others, foundation support of public interest law programs in South Af rica; CALS structure; CALS' activities: academic research, publishing articles on human rights violations, labor relations litigation, Group Areas Act and pass laws: setting up and managing Lawyers for Human Rights to provide free legal assistance in the pass courts, legal advice to black trade unions, publication of decisions of the Publications Appeal Board; press relations; CALS' work during the state of emergency 1980s; impact of CALS and the Legal Resources Centre [LRC]: challenging apartheid legislation in the court, generating and increasing concern among South African judges for human rights issues, challenges to emergency regulations; end of apartheid as surprise; challenges for South Africa's future: continuing work of nongovernmental organizations like LRC and CALS, ensuring advancement of constitutional protections and basic rights by the Constitutional Court, public interest law
5. Oral history interview with Mary-Jane Morifi 1999
Morifi, Mary-Jane
- Name: Morifi, Mary-Jane (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1999
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 2
- Abstract: Initial involvement with the Carnegie Corporation of New York: studying at the University of Cape Town [UCT], participation in Second Carnegie Inquiry into Poverty and Development in Southern Africa [Second Inquiry]; researching First Carnegie Inquir y and its effects: the Job Reservation Act, Afrikaner affirmative action; thoughts on the Second Inquiry: not as much impact as first due to lack of government support, impact of apartheid on acceptance of the study, study as testimony of poverty in rural South Africa, other researchers on project, methodology; different reactions of Second Inquiry interviewees to researchers; personal impact of Carnegie project experience: interest in nongovernmental and educational institutions, formation own company based on black economic empowerment; Second Inquiry conference at UCT; political role of research in the 1980s; ideas for addressing poverty through women and media; role of the Legal Resource Centre in giving poor blacks access to legal aid; role of Carnegie and organizations in eliminating future poverty.