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181. Oral history interview with Susan Shirk, 2013
Shirk, Susan L
- Name: Shirk, Susan L (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 2013
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 3
- Abstract: Reminiscences of meeting Zhou Enlai in 1971; reflections on China's changing role in the world; impact of Chinese market reforms; importance of grant from Carnegie Corporation for the Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation and Northeast Asia Coo peration Dialogue; origins, development and efficacy of Northeast Asia Cooperation Dialogue: China, North Korea; nuances of Track II diplomacy; economic visits by the North Koreans to the United States; impact of Track II diplomacy on socialization of China into cooperative behavior and norms; resistance of North Korea to engage in discussions; 2012 Leap Day agreement with North Korea; Track II diplomacy as trust building.
182. Oral history interview with Talcott Parsons, 1967
Parsons, Talcott, 1902-1979
- Name: Parsons, Talcott, 1902-1979 (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1967
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 1
- Abstract: Initial involvement with Carnegie Corporation during establishment of Depart of Social Relations at Harvard University; 1944-1945; grants for Center for Behavioral Science; Ford Foundation grants; establishment of Russian Research Center, 1948; contr oversy surrounding Clyde Kluckhohn and Air Force consultantship; TOWARDS A GENERAL THEORY OF ACTION, 1951; grants for individual work from Carnegie and Ford Foundation, 1952-1967; thoughts on the Social Science Research Council (SSRC); Harvard under James Bryant Conant and Paul Herman Buck; Carnegie and its grantmaking policies. Impressions of Clyde Kluckhohn, Paul Herman Buck, Samuel A. Stouffer, Charles Dollard.
183. Oral history interview with Thomas A. Troyer, 2000
Troyer, Thomas A., 1933-2022
- Name: Troyer, Thomas A., 1933-2022 (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 2000
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 2
- Abstract: Childhood in Omaha, Nebraska; education at Harvard University and University of Michigan Law School; service with Colorado Air National Guard; work at the Department of Justice; work on civil rights policy in office of Attorney General; study of tax p olicy at Office of the Treasury; corporate reorganization law; effects of taxation on foundation income; involvement with Carnegie Corporation; membership on Carnegie board of directors; role of foundations in student ransom case; Carnegie's direction under Bud Taylor's leadership; policy decisions concerning South Africa; previous experiences at the Stern Fund; family conflicts on the Stern board of directors; establishment of National Board for Professional Teaching Standards; Carnegie Corporation's relationship with US Congress; effects of tax legislation on domestic foundations; conflict resolution activities of Carnegie Corporation; influence of partisanship on foundations; future of non-profit institutions in US
184. Oral history interview with Thomas H. Kean 1999
Kean, Thomas H
- Name: Kean, Thomas H (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1999
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 2
- Abstract: David Hamburg's board leadership; use of task forces to organize work; changes of board under different presidents; period on the education task force; involvement of the board in grant-making under Vartan Gregorian's leadership; Hamburg and Gregorian 's persuasive personalities; production of the Nation at Risk report; the process of implementing policy recommendations; negative feelings about the board expressed by members; participation in the search committee for Dr. Gregorian; involvement in the Democracy Initiative; consultation with Gregorian's friends and former employees; professional and personal backgrounds of other board members; David Hamburg’s communication with other foundation presidents; philosophy and background of The Carnegie Corporation; contributions made by the corporation.
185. Oral history interview with Thomas H. Kean, 2013
Kean, Thomas H.
- Name: Kean, Thomas H. (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 2013
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 3
- Abstract: Path to position on board of Carnegie Corporation of New York: work on topic of education during governorship; McKinsey & Company report; involvement of trustees in grantmaking; process of hiring Vartan Gregorian as president of Carnegie Corporation: search committee, impressions of Vartan Gregorian, comparison with David A. Hamburg; communication: board involvement in policy, national and international presence; role of board chairman; comparison with other nonprofit boards; work as chair of 9/11 Commission: influence of Carnegie leadership experience, advantage of background outside national security; return to Carnegie board in 2005; board involvement in investments; development of trustee ethics code; second term as chairman: reorganization of committees, discussion of meeting structure; centennial celebration: reconnection with Carnegie family and Carnegie institutions; personal and organizational philosophy of risk in grantmaking; program review under Vartan Gregorian: staff turnover, Carnegie legacy, history; education programming: collaboration with Gates Foundation, importance of teacher education and recognition, racial and economic inequality in American school systems, special program for New York City schools; democracy programming: efforts to increase voter registration, importance of civic education; Islam Initiative; impact of Carnegie Corporation; future of philanthropy.
186. Oral history interview with Thomas R. Pickering, 2012
Pickering, Thomas Reeve, 1931-
- Name: Pickering, Thomas Reeve, 1931- (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 2012
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 3
- Abstract: Career in Foreign Service 1959-2000: important contemporary people and documents, personal career path; association with Boeing Company 2001-2006; presidency of the Eurasia Foundation 1996-1997; trustee of Carnegie Corporation of New York beginning in 2003: prior philanthropic experience; interests and activities of trustees on board; leadership of Vartan Gregorian; role of Carnegie Corporation as grantmaking foundation; legacy of Andrew Carnegie: libraries in personal history; relationship between advancing knowledge and influencing public policy; evaluation of success in philanthropy; cooperation between foundations; co-chairmanship of Century Foundation report on Afghanistan: discussions of possibility for political settlement, role of U.S., role of Pakistan, attitude of Taliban; U.S. negotiations with Iran over nuclear weapons: attitude of U.S. and Iranian governments, critique of Kenneth N. Waltz, role of Israel in conflict and negotiations, political obstacles; Carnegie support for nuclear nonproliferation: treaties with Russia, Nuclear Threat Initiative; Track II negotiations: North Korea; Responsibility to Protect initiative; application of initiative in Syria: comparison with other countries, predicted outcome; involvement in Iran-Contra affair; advocacy of qualified veto in UN Security Council; ambassadorship to Russia: impressions of Boris N. Yeltsin; current condition of Russia: reelection of Vladimir V. Putin in 2012, popular movement for political change, role of Carnegie-supported programs; criticisms of Guantanamo Bay and extraordinary rendition; discussion of foreign policy principles and methods; value of Carnegie Corporation board service in personal life.
187. Oral history interview with Thomas Raymond McConnell, 1967
McConnell, T. R. (Thomas Raymond), 1901-1989
- Name: McConnell, T. R. (Thomas Raymond), 1901-1989 (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1967
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 1
- Abstract: Academic career: University of Minnesota, University of Buffalo, Berkeley; chairmanship of Carnegie-funded programs of study in higher education: 1949-50, Laboratory for Research in Social Relations, 1948 comparative study of British universities, fea sibility study of undergraduate advance placement examinations, 1955 THE DIVERSIFICATION OF AMERICAN HIGHER EDUCATION, 1954-66 RESTUDY OF NEEDS OF CALIFORNIA IN HIGHER EDUCATION; opinions on Carnegie grant management, Center for Study of Higher Education, Berkeley student activism, Free Speech movement 1960s.
188. Oral history interview with Trevor Owen Lloyd, 1968
Lloyd, Trevor Owen
- Name: Lloyd, Trevor Owen (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1968
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 1
- Abstract: Founding of Canadian Association for Adult Education; Arctic Institute of North America at McGill University. Impressions of Whitney Shepardson and Morse Cartwright.
189. Oral history interview with Vannevar Bush, 1967
Bush, Vannevar, 1890-1974
- Name: Bush, Vannevar, 1890-1974 (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1967
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 1
- Abstract: Discussion of Carnegie Institution of Washington and Carnegie Corporation of New York, 1939-1955.
190. Oral history interview with Vartan Gregorian 1999
Gregorian, Vartan
- Name: Gregorian, Vartan (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1999
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 2
- Abstract: Early career: president of New York Library, positions at University of Pennsylvania and Brown University; work with Carnegie Corporation of New York: early contacts with Carnegie, president of Carnegie (stating in 1998), reasons for choosing Carnegie over other offers, leadership philosophy, discussion of role as president of Carnegie, concern with understanding of history, memories of early advice and proposals, comparison of Carnegie with other leadership roles, ideas of accountability and dissemination, recommendations of McKinsey and Company consultant firm on reorganization of Carnegie, changes to structure and management of Carnegie, suggestions on foundational cooperation and experimentation, concern with lack of historical knowledge in American culture, suggestions of better higher education for journalists and educators, emphasis on importance of libraries and museums, concerns about wealth disparity in the United States.
191. Oral history interview with Vartan Gregorian, 2013
Gregorian, Vartan
- Name: Gregorian, Vartan (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 2013
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 3
- Abstract: In this ten session interview, Vartan Gregorian provides a wide-ranging reflection on his personal and professional backgrounds, his priorities leading the Carnegie Corporation of New York (CCNY), and the underlying philosophies that have informed his work. Many topics recur in different contexts across interview sessions. Gregorian discusses his youth in detail, including: his early life in the Armenian Quarter of Tabriz, Iran; his family and the influence of his grandmother; his move to Beirut, Lebanon; and his love of poetry. He discusses his education and his undergrad years at Stanford University, with a focus on his studies and cultural differences he observed between the United States and Armenia. He discusses meeting his wife Clare Gregorian, their life as a young couple, and their travels together. Gregorian describes his professional life before becoming president of CCNY. He discusses being a professor at San Francisco State University in the 1960s, and looks at the campus political climate and his teaching style. He discusses his roles at the University of Texas, Austin and as dean at the University of Pennsylvania. He also discusses his work as president of New York Public Library, detailing the library's administration, fundraising, and programming with New York City's public schools. He also describes his time as president of Brown and controversial events on campus during his tenure. Gregorian also reflects on his time at CCNY. Some topics covered are: the corporate culture of CCNY; CCNY's global outlook; funding; Gregorian's grantmaking philosophy; and changes that he implemented in Board of Trustee operations. He also discusses initiatives of the Corporation during his tenure including higher education in Africa; the Carnegie Scholars and study of Islam; higher education in Russia and former Soviet Union; elections reform; and partnerships in journalism, civics, and citizenship. Gregorian also discusses Afghanistan in great detail. He analyzes his PhD work and monograph on the country; his travels there; the country's history; the United States' wars in Afghanistan and Iraq; and Carnegie projects in Afghanistan. In additon, Gregorian elaborates on broader historical, literary, and philosophical topics. These include his personal thoughts on learning and respect; the history of Armenia and the Armenian diaspora; his research on the Soviet Union and travels there; his autobiography; the role of Islam in the world; nationalism; the effects of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks; and the history of US foreign policy.
192. Oral history interview with Vincent A. Mai, 2012
Mai, Vincent A
- Name: Mai, Vincent A (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 2012
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 3
- Abstract: Election to the Carnegie Corporation of New York Board of Trustees in 1994; shared similar interests with Andrew Carnegie and Carnegie Corporation: poverty, income inequality, individualism, responsibility of upper class, early childhood education, Af rica; current involvement with Children's Television Workshop; influences: James A. Johnson, David A. Hamburg, Newton N. Minnow, Rockefeller family, John C. Whitehead, Sam Nunn, Laurence Alan "Larry" Tisch, David F. Swensen, Martin L. Leibowitz, D. Ellen Shuman, Geoffrey T. Boisi, Geraldine P. Mannion, Admiral William A. Owens, Thomas H. Kean; memories of Carnegie Corporation Pocantico retreat in 1995; membership on search committee that found Vartan Gregorian; travel to South Africa with Vartan Gregorian; role and dynamics of the Carnegie Corporation Investment Committee; management of the Carnegie endowment before and after the financial crisis of 2008; differences in leadership and interests of David Hamburg and Vartan Gregorian.
193. Oral history interview with Vivien Stewart 1999
Stewart, Vivien
- Name: Stewart, Vivien (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1999
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 2
- Abstract: Childhood in Portsmouth, England; education: Oxford University; travel in Africa prior to graduate study; Russell Sage Foundation research fellow; career: Carnegie Corporation of New York: program assistant, program officer, associate secretary, progr am chair for Education and Healthy Development of Children and Youth, senior advisor to president, acting vice president; foundation work: working relationships with colleagues, balancing work and motherhood, thoughts on task forces, cooperation with other foundations, combining grantmaking and operating functions, transitions between presidents Alan Pifer, David Hamburg and Vartan Gregorian, expanded staff and budget; work on educational issues: childcare and young children's development, improving junior high school education, prevention of adolescent problems through non-school programs, financing early education, update of teacher training and school curricula, importance of school-based leadership and community support, women and minorities in education and teaching, public exposure to task force reports, American versus foreign educational support systems, general awakening of interest in education nationwide; combining funding of model programs with general reform initiatives; challenges facing Carnegie at time of interview.
194. Oral history interview with Walter Adams, 1968
Adams, Walter, 1906-1975
- Name: Adams, Walter, 1906-1975 (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1968
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 1
- Abstract: Early involvement with Carnegie Corporation as part of efforts to relocate scholars from Nazi Germany and Austria, 1933-1938; involvement with Inter-University Council for Higher Education Overseas, 1943-1946; post-war development of universities in A frica and Caribbean under Carnegie Corporation's British Dominions and Colonies Fund; establishment of Institute of Education at University of East Africa (now Makerere University); library school at University of Ibadan; creation of the University of the West Indies, Jamaica; touring American universities with Sally Chilvers of Colonial Social Research Council; thoughts on land-grant universities, adult education, and the distinctions between American and British education. Impressions of Frederick P. Keppel, Whitney H. Shepardson, Stephen Henry Stackpole.
195. Oral history interview with Warren M. Christopher, 1999
Christopher, Warren
- Name: Christopher, Warren (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1999
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 2
- Abstract: (b. 1925); United States Secretary of State 1993-96; Carnegie Corporation of New York [Carnegie] board of directors 1987-90, chairman 1990-92: impressions of Carnegie board, calculated risks of grant-making, involvement in programs for childhood educa tion and preventing deadly conflict, role of president David A. Hamburg; influence of Carnegie Commission reports and activities on policymakers; importance of philanthropic interest in foreign affairs; challenges facing new foundations; evaluation of foundation work; relationship of philanthropy, government and academia; interest in education and public service; personal highlights of association with Carnegie
196. Oral history interview with Warren Randolph Burgess, 1967
Burgess, W. Randolph (Warren Randolph), 1889-1978
- Name: Burgess, W. Randolph (Warren Randolph), 1889-1978 (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1967
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 1
- Abstract: Trustee of Carnegie Corporation; vignettes of fellow trustees and discussions of policies.
197. Oral history interview with William James Perry : 1999
Perry, William James, 1927-
- Name: Perry, William James, 1927- (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1999
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 2
- Abstract: Education: Stanford University, B.S., 1949, M.S., 1950, Pennsylvania State University, Ph.D., 1957; Secretary of Defense, 1994-97; army experience in Japan; work in defense electronics; involvement in Cold War missile defense strategy; creation of Co operative Threat Reduction Program to combat danger of nuclear weapons proliferation; influence of foundation work on government policy; importance of proactive foundations; current work on American security policy regarding Russia and China, combining careers in government, academia, industry.
198. Oral history interview with William T.R. Fox, 1968
Fox, William T. R. (William Thornton Rickert), 1912-1988
- Name: Fox, William T. R. (William Thornton Rickert), 1912-1988 (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1968
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 1
- Abstract: Becoming associate director of Yale University Institute of International Studies, 1943; formation of National War College, 1947; coming to Columbia University and becoming director of Institute of War and Peace Studies, 1950-1951; meeting of the Soci al Science Research Council Committee on Civil-Military Relations Research; PROBLEMS OF CIVILIAN-MILITARY RELATIONS; Carnegie Corporation grants to Columbia; resignation of McGeorge Bundy; creation of Russian hydrogen bomb, 1952-1954; military consultantship during Dwight D. Eisenhower administration; discussion of development of military policy since Spanish-American War; national security sponsorship; Samuel Huntington’s THE COMMON DEFENSE; SSRC seminar at University of Denver, 1955-1956; work editing Princeton journal WORLD POLITICS; meeting with General Dale O. Scott for Air Force briefing at Continental Air Defense Command; CONFERENCE ON NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY, 1956-1957; ECONOMIC RESEARCH ON NATIONAL SECURITY: A REPORT, 1958; SOCIAL SCIENCES AND NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY conference at West Point, 1959; negative coverage of SSRC by Alice Widener in Indianapolis Star following Bay of Pigs Invasion, 1961; SCIENTISTS AND NATIONAL POLICY MAKING conference jointly sponsored with Columbia Council for Atomic Age Studies; THE MILITARY AND INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY; 1961-1962; Dawson-Lucas memorandum, 1967. Impressions of James Alfred Perkins, Pendleton Herring, Harold Stein, John W. Gardner.
199. Oral history interview with William Worthington Marvel, 1967
Marvel, William Worthington, 1920-1978
- Name: Marvel, William Worthington, 1920-1978 (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 1967
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 1
- Abstract: Changes in focus of the Corporation; area studies versus comparative studies; relationship of the government and foundations; Council on Higher Education in the American Republics; University Service Center, Hong Kong.
200. Oral history interview with Wilma Tisch, 2000
Tisch, Wilma
- Name: Tisch, Wilma (Interviewee)
- Format: oral histories
- Date: 2000
- Collection Name: Carnegie Corporation project. Part 2
- Abstract: Federation of Jewish Philanthropies, president, 1980-83; involvement with: United Way, 1986-, WNYC Foundation, 1984-, Hunter College Social Work Board, 1986-97; Carnegie Corporation, trustee, 1994-1998; Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development, 1987 -97: Council's reports, "Matter of Time," "Turning Points,"; youth perspective, creation of focus groups; youth and discretionary time: community organizations, gang culture, schools, church groups, youth employment; burnout in social work profession; philanthropy: as field of study, influence of donors, influence on government policy; relationship with David A. Hamburg