doi:10.7916/d8-2mc0-3x23Oral history interview with James R. Smothers, Jr. 1981Smothers, James Roral historiessound recordingssound recording - nonmusicalEducatorsAfrican Americans--EducationEducational fund raisingEducational tests and measurementsUnited States Race relationsSmothers, James RUnited Negro College FundWorld War II service, education; Director of Admissions, Fisk University during early 1950s; United Negro College Fund: African scholarship program of American universities, civil rights movement and effect on black colleges, and on fund raising; administration turnover, bureaucracy; educational testing.