doi:10.7916/d8-644f-w204Oral history interview with D. Ellen Shuman, 2012Shuman, D. Ellenoral historiesmixed materialShuman, D. EllenCarnegie Corporation of New YorkChildhood: born in Illinois, raised in Washington D.C., inspired by father to contribute to society; admitted into the second class of women accepted at Bowdoin College in Maine; received a Masters of Public and Private Management at Yale University School of Management; interest in non-profit management developed from family values; differences in investment strategy and governance in private foundations and educational institutions; management of portfolio by the investment committee before and after the 2008 financial crisis; dynamics and interaction between the investment committee and the board of directors; grantmaking as socially responsible investing; fluctuation of purchasing power and the benefits of a stable spend rate; investment committee chairs: Vincent Mai, Marty Leibowitz, Geoffrey T. Boisi; development of investment staff; deciding to leave the Carnegie Corporation of New York; interactions with Carnegie program staff; social responsibilities of staff and board; evaluating programs quantitatively; transitioning to the leadership of Vartan Gregorian; lasting influence of Andrew Carnegie on Carnegie Corporation staff and programs; concerns about future of U.S. philanthropy: efficiency, accountability; pressure on Carnegie to act in response to world events: September 11, 2001, Hurricane Katrina, 2010 earthquake in Haiti; capital aggregation technique to yield larger return at Edna McConnell Clark Foundation; comparing: large and small foundations, educational institutions, individual pet projects, specific problem-focused foundations; investment policy shifts as a result of the 2008 financial crisis; Carnegie officer and staff compensation policies; supporting the global perspective at Carnegie with hiring practices.