doi:10.7916/c3sp-s449Oral history interview with Theresa M. Pouley, 2021Pouley, Theresaoral historiesmixed materialPresidents--United StatesIndian judgesIndian courtsIndian country (United States law)Indian reservations--Social conditionsLummi Indians--Law and legislationTulalip Indians--Law and legislationPouley, TheresaObama, BarackIndian Law & Order Commission (U.S.)Lummi Tribe of the Lummi Reservation, WashingtonTulalip Tribes of the Tulalip Reservation, WashingtonUnited States. Bureau of Indian AffairsUnited StatesTribal Law and Order Act of 2010Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013Theresa Pouley reflects on her service as a judge on the Tulalip and Lummi Tribal Courts, and discusses her service on the Indian Law and Order Commission, to which she was appointed by President Obama in 2011. Pouley considers the origins of her interest in law, recounts her development as a judge in tribal court systems, and speaks widely about the recent history of issues related to law and justice in Indian country. She outlines contemporary conditions on Indian reservations across North America, and provides details about notable themes, issues, and initiatives with which she was closely involved, including her contributions to the development and implementation of the Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010 and the Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013; the jurisdiction of tribal courts and their relation to state and federal courts; the structure and activities of the Indian Law and Order Commission; and the creation of alternative sentencing programs that foreground mental health treatment. Pouley also discusses the role of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in the administration of tribal justice; notable cases and activities she pursued in the Tulalip and Lummi Tribal Courts; and her testimony before Congress during legislative development processes