- Rosenfeld, Jayn2
- Rosenfeld, Peter7
- Rosenman, Leonard1
- Rosenthal, Donald (Bassoonist)1
- Ross, Margaret, 1926-20051
- Ross, Walter, 1936-1
- Rossetti, Christina Georgina, 1830-18941
- Rostal, Leo2
- Roth, Jerome (Oboist)1
- Rovics, Howard2
- Rowe, Bertram1
- Rowe, Catherine4
- Roxbury, Ronald, 1946-19861
- Rudhyar, Dane, 1895-19851
- Rudiakov, Michael, 1934-20003
- Rudnitsky, Alvin1
- Running, Joseph1
- Rupert, Carol1
- Russell, James R. (Clarinetist)1
- Russo, Charles5
- Rzewski, Frederic2
- Rølvaag, O. E. (Ole Edvart), 1876-19315
- Sabaroff, Ronald1
- Sabinsky, Raymond, 1913-19941
- Sachs, Evelyn1
- Sachson, David1
- Sagul, Edith A., 1917-20181
- Salzman, Eric1
- Salzman, Theo1
- Sambuco, Gino2
- Sambuco, Olga1
- Sandburg, Carl, 1878-19671
- Sanders, Ernest H1
- Sanders, Robert L., 1906-19741
- Sanders, Samuel1
- Sandor, Arpad1
- Sankey, Stuart1
- Saperstein, David, 1948-1
- Sappho1
- Sargon, Merja1
- Saroyan, William, 1908-19811
- Sawyer, Elizabeth, 1931-20102
- Saylor, Bruce1
- Schapiro, Maxim1
- Schelter, Peggy1
- Schiller, Allan (Violinist)2
- Schmitt, Homer, 1911-19801
- Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-19511
- Schon, Kenneth1
- Schönherr, Max, 1903-19849
- Schreiber, David (Violist)1
- Schubel, Max, 1932-20101
- Schubert, Peter, 1946-1
- Schuller, Gunther2
- Schulman, Louise1
- Schulte, Rolf, 1949-1
- Schuman, Davis1
- Schuman, Henry (Oboist)2
- Schuman, William, 1910-19921
- Schur, Maxim, 1907-19748